Outline the anatomical structures relevant to the insertion of a femoral venous catheter.
The femoral vein lies in the intermediate compartment of the femoral sheath. It is usually accessed just inferior to the inguinal ligament. The inguinal ligament can be defined by the surface anatomy of a line between the pubic tubercule and the anterior superior iliac spine. The mid point of the inguinal ligament is the site of the internal ring. A needle inserted through the skin will pass through subcutaneous tissue, and the fascia of the femoral sheath before entering the femoral vein. Posterior to the femoral vein is the posterior fascia of the femoral sheath, and the pectineus. Lateral to the femoral vein is the fibrous septum separating the intermediate compartment of the femoral sheath from the lateral compartment (containing the femoral artery). Further lateral to this is the femoral nerve. Medial to the femoral vein is the medial compartment of the femoral sheath (femoral canal), which contains lymph vessels, nodes and fatty tissue.
Judging by the collge answer, "outline the anatomical structures relevant to the insertion of a femoral venous catheter" probably means "discuss the relations of the femoral vein in the usual site of femoral venous cannulation". In other words, the femoral triangle.
Basic points:
Anatomical landmarks for localisation of the femoral vein:
Tsui, Janet Y., et al. "Placement of a femoral venous catheter." New England Journal of Medicine 358.26 (2008).
Bannon, Michael P., Stephanie F. Heller, and Mariela Rivera. "Anatomic considerations for central venous cannulation." Risk management and healthcare policy 4 (2011): 27.