a) List an antidote (1drug specific to the agent) in the event of an
overdose with each of the agents listed below in the table.
|
Benzodiazepines |
|
Beta blockers |
|
Cyanide |
|
Digoxin |
|
Heparin |
|
Iron |
|
Methanol, ethylene glycol |
|
Methaemoglobinemia |
|
Organophosphate |
|
Opiates |
|
Lead |
|
Paracetamol |
b) Which of the agents in the above list are not adsorbed by activated charcoal?
|
Benzodiazepines |
Flumazenil |
||
|
Beta blockers |
Glucagon, adrenaline |
||
|
Cyanide |
Na thiosulfate, hydroxocobalamin; |
||
|
Digoxin |
Fab, |
||
|
Heparin |
Protamine |
||
|
Iron |
Desferrioxamine |
||
|
Methanol, ethylene glycol |
ethanol |
||
|
Methaemoglobinemia |
Ascorbic acid, methylene blue |
||
|
Organophosphate |
Atropine, pralidoxime |
||
|
Opiates |
Naloxone |
||
|
Lead |
Dimercaprol |
||
|
Paracetamol |
N-Acetylcysteine |
||
b) Which of the agents in the above list are not adsorbed by activated charcoal?
Lead, alcohols, Fe, cyanide
This question closely resembles Question 28.1 from the second paper of 2009, as well as Question 14.2 from the first paper of 2008. It has slightly different drugs in its table, but otherwise it is essentially the same.
However, it does ask about the charcoal.
Thus:
The following drugs are NOT treatable by charcoal:
More on this can be found in a brief summary of ICU toxicology.