List 3 causes of a mid-diastolic murmur over the apex
College Answer
° Mitral stenosis
° Severe aortic regurgitation – Autin Flint murmur
° Severe mitral regurgitation
° Significant left to right shunt – VSD, PDA
° Atrial myxoma
° Carey-Coombs murmur
Discussion
This is a repeat question.
For some reason the college love their mid-diastolic apical murmurs.
Like the identical Question 3.2 from 2010(1), but unlike the very similar Question 26.3 from 2011(2), this specifically asks for MID-diastolic murmurs.
References
Clinical Examination of the Critically Ill Patient, 3rd edition by L.I.G. Worthley - which can be ordered from our college here.
Clinical Examination: whatever edition, by Talley and O'Connor. Can be acquired any damn where