List the factors which result in failure in resolution of sepsis despite antibiotic therapy.
List the factors which result in failure in resolution of sepsis despite antibiotic therapy.
• wrong antibiotic choice
• delayed administration of antibiotics
• Inadequate source control
• inadequate antimicrobial blood levels
• inadequate penetration of the antimicrobial to the target site,
• antimicrobial neutralization or antagonism,
• superinfection or unsuspected secondary bacterial infection,
• nonbacterial infection, and
• noninfectious source of illness
In 1972, Garrod Pollock and Cargill all published separate articles in the same edition of the British Medical Journal, exploring the reasons behind antibiotic failure.
In short, they came up with this list:
The Garrod article is beautiful. In a literary manner more consistent with earlier times, Garrod writes of chloramphenicol: "Chloramphenicol is the only antibiotic which when given in the normal way to apparently normal people is capable of killing them". Today's lame robotic authors should take heed.
A more extensive exploration of the reasons behind antibiotic treatment failure can be found in the Required Reading section.
Garrod, L. P. "Causes of failure in antibiotic treatment." British medical journal4.5838 (1972): 473.
Pollock, A. V. "Causes of failure in antibiotic treatment." British medical journal4.5843 (1972): 790.
Cargill, J. S. "Causes of failure in antibiotic treatment." British medical journal4.5843 (1972): 791.