A 21-year-old patient presents with fainting spells and lethargy.
a) Explain the following results and provide a rationale for the abnormalities. (40% marks)
Parameter |
Patient Value |
Adult Normal Range |
FiO2 |
0.21 |
|
pH |
7.51* |
7.35 – 7.45 |
pO2 |
72 mmHg (9.5 kPa) |
|
pCO2 |
69.0 mmHg (9.1 kPa)* |
35.0 – 45.0 (4.7 – 6.0) |
SpO2 |
97% |
|
Bicarbonate |
55.0 mmol/L* |
22.0 – 26.0 |
Lactate |
1.0 mmol/L |
0.5 – 1.3 |
Sodium |
128 mmol/L* |
135 – 145 |
Potassium |
2.0 mmol/L* |
3.5 – 5.0 |
Chloride |
71 mmol/L* |
95 – 105 |
Glucose |
4.4 mmol/L |
3.5 – 6.0 |
Urea |
15.2 mmol/L* |
3.0 – 8.0 |
Creatinine |
82 μmol/L |
45 – 90 |
Not available.
The abnormalities are:
The possible differentials include: