Electrolytes and Fluids

Diagnosis of hyponatremia and correction of sodium deficit

Hypernatremia - diagnosis of central diabetes insipidus

Hypernatremia - central vs. nephrogenic DI

Isosomolar hyponatremia - TURP syndrome

Hyponatremia: SIADH or cerebral salt wasting

Causes of hypercalcemia

Balanced crystalloids and their utility in diabetic ketoacidosis

Causes of hypercalemia

Management of hyponatremia in a patient requiring dialysis

Syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion (SIADH)

Hypoosmolar hyponatremia - probably beer-related

Hypercalcemia - diagnosis and management

Hypocalcemia: post-operative hypoparathyroidism again

Hypernatremia: Diabetes insipidus

Hypertonic saline: indications, mechanisms of action, evidence

Causes of hyperphosphataemia - renal failure and hyperparathyroidism

Beer potomania. also, management of hyponatremia

Classification of hyponatremia, and management of hyponatremia.

Isoosmolar hyponatremia: massively elevated triglycerides

Hyponatremia with hypervolemia; with a focus on SIADH and CSW.

Diagnostic approach to hyponatremia

Hypocalcemia in the post-parathyroidectomy patient

Hypercalcemia and hypocalcemia: causes and treatments

Hypoosmolar hyponatremia (water intoxication due to bowel prep)

Hypoosmolar hyponatremia with a focus on SIADH and CSW.

Managemnt of hyponatremia: osmotic demyelination syndrome

Hypoosmolar hyponatremia: thiazide-associated hyponatremia

Causes, consequences and management of hypercalcemia.

Characteristic electrolyte derangement patterns

Clinical features and management of hypocalcemia

Management of hyponatremia and intracranial pressure with hypertonic saline

Use of albumin in critically ill patients

Isoosmolar hyponatremia: TURP syndrome

Assessment of fluid balance in the critically ill patient

Buffer therapies: sodium bicarbonate, Carbicarb and THAM

Hypoosmolar hyponatremia with a focus on SIADH and calculation of the sodium deficit

Hypoosmolar hyponatremia (beer potomania)

Causes of hypercalcemia, and correction of a dangerously raised calcium 

Comparison of the common colloid resuscitation fluids

Hypomagnesaemia: "write a short note".

Hypocalcemia: causes and manifestations.

Assessment of fluid balance in the critically ill patient

Diagnostic approach to hyponatremia, and an approach to sodium replacement.

Use of albumin in critically ill patients

The diagnostic utility of urinary electrolytes

Approach to the diagnosis of hyponatremia; and management of hyponatremia.

Colloids vs. crystalloids as resuscitation fluids

Hypercalcemia: manifestations, common causes, and management.

Hypercalcemia: causes and management.