Outline the daily nutritional requirements, including electrolytes, for a normal 70 kg adult.
The provision of nutrition is a core skill in ICU. An understanding of its key elements enables prescription and modification. However, most answers lacked detailed information which is
available in the standard texts. Better responses outlined the caloric requirements including each major element (water, carbohydrate, fat and protein) along with the caloric values and potential sources. Essential amino acids, fatty acids, fat and water-soluble vitamins were expected. A list of the requirements for major electrolytes and some of the trace elements were expected. Some candidates seemed to confuse calories, kilocalories and kilojoules.
Some answers did not provide the nutritional requirements, as asked, but instead discussed the
fate of the nutrients; hence did not score marks. Candidates are reminded to read the question
carefully.