Name the organisms that makeup the ESCAPPM group of organisms.
Enterobacter spp., Serratia spp., Citrobacter freundii, Acinetobacter spp., Proteus vulgaris, Providencia spp. and Morganella morganii.
The ESCAPPM organisms are:
These are Gram-negative organisms with induceable chromosomal AmpC cephalosporinase/β-lactamase enzymes. Resistance to β-lactams and cephalosprins develops quickly in these species.
ESCAPPM and HACEK bacteria are discussed elsewhere in the Required Reading section.
BOYLE, ROBERT J., et al. "Clinical implications of inducible beta-lactamase activity in Gram-negative bacteremia in children." The Pediatric infectious disease journal 21.10 (2002): 935-939.
Sfakinos, John. "Detecting the dual presence of AmpC and ESBL enzymes."Microbiology Australia 30.5 (2009): 208-209.
Philippon, Alain, Guillaume Arlet, and George A. Jacoby. "Plasmid-determined AmpC-type β-lactamases." Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 46.1 (2002): 1-11.