These are computerised databases which store and retrieve the ICU medical records. They may integrate diagnostic test review, test ordering, prescription/administration of drugs, and storage/retrieval of imaging studies. LITFL has an excellent summary. Whatever the public opinion of these things, at the time of the article's original date of writing (mid 2014) the inevitable invasion of ICCIS was viewed as inevitable in NSW in spite of its many crippling flaws (though it was renamed eRIC, presumably to avoid association with the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant). This tide has now (in 2020) washed over the author's own institution.
Question 15 from the second paper of 2007 asked the candidates to critically evaluate the role of a CIS in intensive care. In order to render answering this question easier, the topic discussion has been framed into familiar rationale-advantages-disadvantages-evidence framework.
As far as reading material goes, one cannot look past Oh's manual, Chapter 9 (pp. 69) Clinical information systems by David Fraenkel. Fraenkel used to be the president of ANZICS, in case you are wondering. He published a paper in 2003 about the quality benefits of a CIS, and may well have inspired the author of Question 15 from the second paper of 2007. Wherever possible, this paper along with Oh's Chapter 9 are used as the main resources for the ensuing discussion.
Chapter 9 (pp. 69) Clinical information systems by David Fraenkel
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