Or is "acronymic" the correct adjective? In any case, the college loves to repeat this question. Recent iterations have included Question 3.3 from the first paper of 2014, Question 25.2 from the first paper of 2009 and Question 25.2 from the second paper of 2008.
The following is a list of Gram-negative organisms who might occasionally appear to be sensitive to β-lactam antibiotics, but who in fact develop a resistance rapidly, owing to the overexpression of induceable chromosomal AmpC cephalosporinase/β-lactamase enzymes.
The linked article on this topic also identifies Chromobacterium violaceum, Enterobacter, E. coli, Hafnia alvei, Lysobacter lactamgenus, Ochrobactrum anthropi, Proteus rettgeri, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Psychrobacter immobilis, Rhodobacter sphaeroides and Yersinia enterocolitica as carriers of the AmpC cephalosporinase/β-lactamase.
An intelligent person would not be satisfied with a mere list, and would go on to ask the question,
George A. Jacoby puts it best in his excellent article, which is the primary resource for this topic:
"AmpC β-lactamases are clinically important cephalosporinases encoded on the chromosomes of many of the Enterobacteriaceae and a few other organisms, where they mediate resistance to cephalothin, cefazolin, cefoxitin, most penicillins, and β-lactamase inhibitor-β-lactam combinations"
In brief:
In addition to the ESCAPPM bunch, in 2009 the Infectious Diseases Society of America launched another acronym to describe the group of pathogens which - over the coming decades - are going to pose the greatest threat to mankind by virtue of their antimicrobial resistance:
Panic regarding the "post-antibiotic era" is spread further by anxious reports of such nightmarish creatures as a pan-drug-resistant Acinetobacter, which apparently reproduces quite comfortably in a pot of boiling meropenem.
These are a bunch of oropharyngeal Gram-negatives which had previously been thought to be frequently responsible for infective endocarditis, but are now known to be fairly rare, responsible for only about 3% of native valve endocarditis. Fortunately, most of them are sensitive to bog-standard ceftriaxone.
Why care about them, if they are such rare pathogens? Well. First of all, they were the subject of Question 28.2 from the first paper of 2022. Secondly, the slow growth of these organisms means the cultures are usually negative. Vegetations will be visible, and PCR testing will reveal the relevant pathogen, but the cultures will remain negative.
BOYLE, ROBERT J., et al. "Clinical implications of inducible beta-lactamase activity in Gram-negative bacteremia in children." The Pediatric infectious disease journal 21.10 (2002): 935-939.
Sfakinos, John. "Detecting the dual presence of AmpC and ESBL enzymes."Microbiology Australia 30.5 (2009): 208-209.
Philippon, Alain, Guillaume Arlet, and George A. Jacoby. "Plasmid-determined AmpC-type β-lactamases." Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 46.1 (2002): 1-11.
Das, MD, M., et al. "Infective endocarditis caused by HACEK microorganisms."Annual review of medicine 48.1 (1997): 25-33.
Chambers, Stephen T., et al. "HACEK infective endocarditis: characteristics and outcomes from a large, multi-national cohort." PloS one 8.5 (2013): e63181.
Habib, Gilbert, et al. "Value and limitations of the Duke criteria for the diagnosis of infective endocarditis." Journal of the American College of Cardiology 33.7 (1999): 2023-2029.
Durack, David T., et al. "New criteria for diagnosis of infective endocarditis: utilization of specific echocardiographic findings." The American journal of medicine 96.3 (1994): 200-209.
Jacoby, George A. "AmpC β-lactamases." Clinical microbiology reviews 22.1 (2009): 161-182.
Boucher, Helen W., et al. "Bad bugs, no drugs: no ESKAPE! An update from the Infectious Diseases Society of America." Clinical Infectious Diseases 48.1 (2009): 1-12.
Pogue, Jason M., David A. Cohen, and Dror Marchaim. "Polymyxin-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii: Urgent Action Needed." Clinical Infectious Diseases(2015): civ044.